How does electricity work?

Electricity is typically produced at a power plant. The fuel source (most commonly oil, coal, natural gas, or nuclear material) is burned, and the heat is used to boil water. When water boils, the steam can physically propel electric generators. These generators are large magnets that spin with respect to coils of metal wire. Electricity and magnetism are related phenomena, so these moving magnets cause electricity to flow.

Electricity is actually moving electrons. The electrons can flow from atom to atom in metals, such as those used for power lines. Electricity can flow easily as long as the wires are connected in a loop, called a circuit. So the power lines that extend from the power plant into the community eventually lead all the way back to the plant.

For a more in-depth look at electricity, including how the power grid works, check out Electricity 101.

(05/31/07)